Disodium hydrogen citrate: Indication, Dosage, Side Effect, Precaution

This information is not country-specific. Please refer to the Myanmar prescribing information.

Generic Medicine Info

Indications and Dosage

Oral
Urine alkalinisation

Adult: 15-30 mL bid-tid.
Child: <7 yr 2 mL tid; 7-12 yr 5 mL tid.

Contraindications

Hyperosmolar states, HTN, oedema.

Special Precautions

Hypocalcaemia, hypoventilatory states, alkalosis. Renal disease. Childn including neonates. Pregnancy and lactation.

Adverse Reactions

Mild diuresis, stomach cramps, flatulence, diarrhoea, GI ulceration, hypokalaemia, metabolic alkalosis, tiredness, dyspnoea, anxiety, mood swings.

Overdosage

Symptom: Metabolic alkalosis. Management: Symptomatic and supportive treatment.

Drug Interactions

Enhances elimination of salicylates and barbiturates. May increase the half-life of quinidine, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine. Additive effect w/ Na retention caused by corticosteroids. Potentiates renal excretion of tetracycline. Hypochloraemic alkalosis may occur w/ concomitant K-depleting diuretics.

Food Interaction

Avoid alcohol.

Lab Interference

May interfere w/ urine ketone test.

Action

Description: Disodium hydrogen citrate is metabolised to bicarbonate, which then increases urinary pH by increasing the excretion of free bicarbonate ions, thereby increasing the solubility of cystine in the urine and the ionization of uric acid to more soluble urate ion.
Onset: <1 min.
Duration: 4-6 hr.

MIMS Class

Other Drugs Acting on the Genito-Urinary System

References

Buckingham R (ed). Bicarbonate. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 27/04/2016 .

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